Domestication of Pig and Distribution Pig Breeds
Archaeological evidence suggests that early agricultural communities started selectively breeding wild boars for desirable traits such as docility and higher food conversion efficiency. This led to the emergence of diverse pig breeds adapted to regional environments and human needs. As with Asian domestication, European societies selectively bred wild boars to suit their requirements, resulting in various regional breeds with distinctive traits and characteristics. In Asia, the regions where pig domestication took place include China, India, Southeast Asia, and some parts of the Korean Peninsula.
Indigenous breeds of Oriental and South East Asian Countries
Sl No | Continent | Country | Breeds |
1 | Australia | Australia | Berkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Large Black, Large White, Tamworth, Wessex Saddleback |
Belgium | Belgisch Landrace, Large White, Pietrain | ||
Bulgaria | Danish Duroc, Danish Landrace, Danish Yorkshire, Danube White, East Balkan Swine, English Landrace, English Large White, Polish big white | ||
Germany | Berkshire, Bunte Bentheimer, Deutsche Landrace, Large White, Duroc, Leicoma, Pietrain, Rotbuntes Husumer, Schwein | ||
Denmark | Danish Landrace | ||
Spain | Blanco Belga, Chato Murciano, Duroc, Euskal Txerria, Gochu Asturcelta, Hampshire, Iberian pig, Landrace, Large White, Negra Canaria, Pietrain, Negre Mallorquí, Porco Celta | ||
France | Creole, Cul Noir, limousin, Duroc, Duochan, Flamand, Gamma, Hampshire, Hymax, Landrace, Neckar, Nushan, Nustrale | ||
United Kingdom | Berkshire, British Landrace, British Lop, British Saddleback, Duroc, Gloucestershire Old Spots, Hampshire, Kune-Kune, Large Black, Large White, Middle White, Oxford Sandy and Black, Pietrain, Tamworth, Welsh | ||
Netherlands | Landrace, Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Chester White, Pietrain. | ||
3 | Asia | Bhutan | Doemphab, Jituphab |
China | Lijiang, Shenxian, Anqing Six White, Baixi, Bama Xiang Zhu, Bamei, Baoshan, Beigang, Beijing Black, Berkshire, Bihu, Chalu Black, Chenghua, Dahe, Dapulian, Daweizi, Debao, Diannan Small-Ear, Ding Yuan, Dongchuan, Fa Yuen, Fuzhou Black, Ganzhongna Spotted – Guanchao, Ganzhongnan Spotted, Ganzhongnan Spotted-Chayuan, Ganzhou White, Gaoli Gongshan, Guangming, Guangzhuang Spotted, Guanling, Guizhong Spotted, Hainan, Hainan – Lingao, Hainan – Tunchang, Hainan – Wenchang, Hampshire, Hang, Hanzhong White, Harbin White, Hexi, Hongqiao, Huai, Huang-Huai-Hai Black, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Hetao Lop-Ear, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Huai – Huaibei, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Huai – Huainan, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Huai – Zaozhu, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Mashen, Huang-Huai-Hai Black – Shenxian, Huang-huai-Hai Black – Huai – Wuan Bei, Huazhong Two-End Black, Huazhong Two-End Black – Shaziling, Huazhong Two-End Black – Tongcheng, Huazhong Two-end Black – Jianli, Hubei White, Huchuan Mountain, Huchuan Mountain – Ebei Black, Huchuan Mountain – Enshi Black, Jiangkou Luobo, Jiangquhai, Jihe White Multiple Lines, Jinhua, Junmu I White, Kemiroff, Kwangchow Wan, Lantang, Lanxi Spotted, Lee-Sung, Leping, Liang Guang Small Spotted, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Fumian, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Gongguan, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Guangdong Small Ear, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Guangdong Small Ear – Guixu, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Guangdong Small Ear – Huangtang, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Guangdong Small Ear – Tangzhui, Liang Guang Small Spotted – Guangdong Small Ear – Zhongdong, Licha Black, Lijiang, Longlin, Longyou Black, Luchuan, Mi-nung, Min, Min-Damin, Minbei Spotted, Mingguang Small-ear, Nanchang White, Nanyang Black, Neijiang, Ningxiang, North-East China Spotted, Panlang, Pietrain, Pingtan Black, Pudong White, Putian, Qiandong Spotted, Qianshao Spotted, Qingping, Rongchang, Saba, Sanjiang White, Shanxi Black, Shengxian Spotted, Shennong, Shenxian, Sutai, Taichung, Taihu – Erhualian, Taihu – Erhualian – Lishiqiao, Taihu – Fengjing, Taihu – Hengjing, Taihu – Jiaxing Black, Taihu – Meishan, Taihu – Mi, Taihu – Shawutou, Taiwan Small Red, Taiwan Small-ear, Taoyuan, Tibetan – Hezuo, Tingshuanghsi, Wai Chow, Wanzhe Spotted, Wanzhe Spotted – Wannan Spotted, Wanzhe Spotted-Chunan Spotted, Wei, Wujin – Kele, Wujin – Liangshan, Wujin – Zhaotong, Wujin – dahe, Wuyi Black, Wuzhishan, Wuzhishan – Shanzhu, Xiang, Xiangcheng, Xiangxi Black, Xianjuhua, Xin Huai, Xinjin – Ningan, Yanan, Yangxin, Yayang, Yili White, Yimeng Black, Yuedong Black, Yujiang, Zhejiang Middle large | ||
Japan | Aguh, Kagoshima Berkshire, Ohmini, Spotted | ||
Republic of Korea | Berkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Jeju Gilgal Black Pig, Jeju native pig, Korean Native, Landrace, Penbuk | ||
Cambodia | Chrouk Kandol | ||
Myanmar | Badaung Wet, Bo Cake, Taung Pig | ||
Srilanka | Duroc, Landrace, Large White | ||
Malaysia | Iban, Duroc, Landrace, Large White Yorkshire | ||
Indonesia | Babi Hutan, Babi-Rusa, Bali, Celeng, Deutsche Landrace, Iban, Jambi, Jawa, Nias, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Sumba, Tangerang, Babi-Batak | ||
Laos | Mou Cheed, Mou Kang, Mou Ladt, Mou Mong | ||
Philippines | Benguet, Isubela, Kalinga, Markaduke, Quezon, Sinirangan, BT Black (BAI Tiaong Black), Babcock, Biskaya, Cotswold, Diani, Kaman, Libtong, Markaduke, New Dalland, Philippine Native, Pietrain, Quezon, Seghers | ||
Viet Nam | Ban, H’mong, Hung, Lang Hong, Lon I, Meo, Mong Cai, Muong Khuong, Muong Te, Phu khanh, Quang tri Mini, Tap Na, Tay Nguyen Soc, Thuoc Nhieu, Ba Xuyen, Boxu, Co, Dbi, H’mong, Son Vi | ||
4 | North America | Canada | Berkshire, British Saddleback, Chester White, Duroc, Gloucester Old Spots, Hampshire, Hereford, Lacombe, Landrace, Large Black, Pietrain, Poland China, Red Wattle, Spotted, Tamworth, Welsh, Yorkshire |
Mexico | Tamworth, Berkshire, Duroc, Mexican Creole hairless pig, Large white, Landrace, Blanco Belga, Pietrain | ||
United States of America | Berkshire, Chester White, Choctaw, Duroc, Gloucestershire Old Spots, Guinea Hog, Hampshire, Hereford, Landrace, Large Black, Mangalitsa, Meishan, Mule foot, Ossabaw Island, Poland China, Red Wattle, Saddleback, Tamworth, Yorkshire | ||
5 | South America | Brazil | Duroc, Landrace, Large White, Moura, Pietrain |
Colombia | Landrace, San Pedreño, Zungo | ||
Czechia | Ceska landrace, Duroc, Hampshire, Pietrain | ||
Peru | Criollo | ||
Uruguay | Pampa Rocha, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Large White, Uruguayan Wattled Pigs, Pietrain | ||
6 | Africa | Botswana | Tswana |
Mali | Somo | ||
Malawi | Malawi | ||
South Africa | Kolbroek, Windsyner |